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Glossary of Internet & Computer Terms

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Select the first letter of the word from the list above to jump to appropriate section of the glossary or type the term on which you want to search.


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ROM
(Read-only Memory) permanent memory used by a computer for essential functions of the operating system. Data cannot be written to, or changed in ROM. Unlike RAM, read-only memory is retained by the computer when it is shut off. The same meaning applies to CD-ROM, a disc, such as one containing a software application that retains data and may not be used for recording.


Roman
a common font type with serifs and vertical orientation. see Times New Roman.


root directory
sometimes simply called root, the main directory of a disk from which all other directories, folders and files are derived. see directory.


rootkit
a type of Trojan that keeps itself, other files, registry keys and network connections hidden from detection. It runs at the lowest level of the machine and typically intercepts common API calls. For example, it can intercept requests to a file manager such as Explorer and cause it to keep certain files hidden from display, even reporting false file counts and sizes to the user.


Rot13
(Rotate 13) a simple method of encryption used on the Internet to conceal secrets, the answers to contests and puzzles, and potentially offensive messages. Each of the first 13 letters of the alphabet are assigned a number, so that, A=1, B=2, etc.


rotate
in graphics applications, to change the onscreen physical orientation of an image by manipulating it with the mouse.


router
hardware and/or software that connects networks and facilitates the smooth transfer of data by filtering messages and directing packets.


RPC
(Remote Procedure Call) a programming interface that allows one program to use the services of another program in a remote machine. The calling program sends a message and data to the remote program, which is executed, and results are passed back to the calling program.


RPM
(Revolutions Per Minute) the number of revolutions a disk turns per minute.


ruler
in graphics and some word processing programs, a line containing designated points running on the top and the side of the display screen used to measure, place objects and text, and accurately identify specific points on a document.


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